MRI machine - Text of my YT video

hello and welcome everyone today I would like to talk about the MRI machine the MRI machine is consist of a giant magnet and this magnet would be made of coil and when we make electrical current goes through this coil it will generate a magnetic field okay and we also use radio waves at the same time so first of all in the human body about 60% of your human body is made of water and water is H C it's H2O okay so the hydrogen atom is very common in the human body and in the hydrogen atom we have one 00:00:45 proton so the point here when we make this human body goes under this magnetic field and the radio waves at the same time the hydrogen atoms would be affected by the magnetic field that we have okay and also there will be when we apply at the same time radio waves we would have interaction between the radio waves and the hydrogen atoms and this interaction would cause a signal that we receive and we process the signal and we will have our 3D image and we use actually liquid helium in the process because it has low 00:01:29 boiling Bond Point okay and we want a liquid to lower the temperature of the coil because as I mentioned the lower the temperature is the lower resistant is therefore we the the magnetic field is going to be greatest okay so this is the the idea simply we also of course we have cooling system as well and the MRI machine not only for the the the magnet itself also for the device like any device we need a coing system there is actually the concept of T1 weighted image and T2 weighted image okay that actually but in 00:02:17 general I would say briefly T1 weighted image we use it more to for structure if you want to see the structure because I forget to mention that MRI in general is used for some self tissue if want to if you want to have an image for a self tissue like the brain for example we're going to use MRI and T2 weighted image is most is actually most likely to use to be used with diagnostic purposes okay but but eventually there is actually 

difference between T1 weighted image and T2 weighted image and the physician the 00:00:01 00:02:52 radiologist for example is going to choose the type of image depends on the specific part of the body that he's studying now let's talk about the core of the topic here the position of the MRI department in hospital first of all the MRI machine is actually heavy for this reason is most likely to be in the ground floor okay because if I'm going to study the building as a structure I don't want to put a lot of weight in the second or in the third floor well I'm not a civil engineer but that makes 00:03:24 sense right heavy subject should be in the ground floor this is first thing the MRI department should be close to the emergency department so should be close to the access of the external and internal patients in the hospital uh the MRI department should be far away from the from the Intensive Care Unit okay also should be far away from the rooms of the patients if I have a department for example for Acoustics studies anything related you know I don't want to know noise because I say that I mentioned before the MRI machine 00:04:04 actually is a noisy device makes a lot of noise for this reason a lot of patient hatte it and of course the MRI machine the MRI department should be close to the rology department as well okay now in the department of the MRI they separated to four zones the first Zone actually they say the public access and we can WR this the first Zone okay the second Zone actually it's little bit more dangerous or a little bit more less accessible than the first Zoom is actually separate the first Zoom from the third Zoom well the third Zoom 00:04:43 actually the zoom when I check for the patient okay check if the patient has any Metals in his body okay this is the third Zone in the second Zone I me I forget to mention the reception the reception of patients take information of patients and all that procedures in the fourth Zone I have the magnet itself the machine itself now there's something called the RF radio frequency radio waves uh shielding okay because I want to prevent radio waves from outside the rri department to go inside the rri depart room why because that 00:05:25 actually could literally sabotage the image that I'm taking okay because remember the MRI depends on radio waves frequency radio waves okay and if I have external radio waves that could literally sabotage the whole process so shielding radio waves radio frequency shielding should be from all direction from all the walls all the roof all the floor all of it and the shields that we going to use in the a in the RF Shield fing would be use of aluminium or copper now the second concept is what they call 00:06:07 the negative magnetic shielding what I mean by that means the magnetic field that I that I generated in the MRI machine I don't want it to affect other departments or outside the department of the MRI so I'm going the same time the same principle here but you have to notice that the shielding won't be in all directions and all in all way the direction of my of my magnetic field okay the only this is this is the difference between RF shielding and magnetic shielding and I want to talk about something very important sometimes in 00:06:46 the department of MRI have something metal even sometimes from the building itself that actually if it generate a magnetic field that actually could D did actually destroy the quality of the MRI image and sabotage the process of Imaging okay say okay so sometimes but if you think about it sometimes some metals actually should exist in a building from the structure of the building they call it the shimming okay what is shimming actually it means how to fix the problems that occurred because of the metals around 00:07:25 the MRI machine okay this is what they mean by shiming they they mention this a lot when they talk about the MRI department in a hospital okay it's a just process of fixing the errors and the problems that caused by the existing uh Metals near the MRI machine in general just briefly this is how we could Define it there's two things also and there in the MRI Mach in the MRI department especially in the fourth Zone we should use lead you know for the electricity and lighting we should use the light of leads okay okay not the 00:08:01 regular lighting and second of all second we always we have to keep we have to have UPS power supply in the MRI department okay in case the electricity went off so I have to complete my procedure now some safety issues related the MRI machine remember don't don't put anything made of metal near the MRI machine cuz literally going to Bull it a lot of actually accidents happen if you have something metal and you're you came across you came actually near the MRI machine directly going to Bullet some 00:08:39 people literally could die because of that okay you're going to say my because going to H their heads or anything it's very dangerous second and if the patient has anything made of metal inside his body like a Bas maker maybe he did a joint replacement anything he shouldn't get near the MRI machine for the same purpose for the same idea yes and they put a big sign in the door that mean says don't get close it's a magnetic field to check before check for Metals before you get into before you go near the MRI field and 00:09:18 second sometimes if there is leage of the helium liquid of the liquid helium that actually could be poisonous could be toxic okay so make sure there is no wage and burns at the same time some some Burns could cause of the MRI machine all right how that if the patient was if there is electrod stuck in the patient's body and the patient entered in the MRI machine that actually could cause burn to the patient so be careful and there's something if the fluid if the liquid helium the temperature of it increased he will turn 00:09:57 into a gas okay when it turn into gas his volume actually would increase about 760 times all right therefore the pressure inside the room would be incredibly big you can't even open the door of the room okay so this is very very important to regulate the temperature of the helium so we don't want it to turn it into a gas State you can't upbring the door unless the two pressure is equals from the both sides of the door so probably that is what I want to talk about the MRI all right thank you so much for listening and